Oceania

Eco-friendly travel guide to Oceania advises how to be a responsible tourist. Learn how to travel in a sustainable way and how to respect the local people and culture. Make your trip green by supporting locally owned hotels, organic restaurants and other businesses. Read more on how to protect the environment by making conscientious choices and how to travel green in Oceania.

Sydney, Australia

Air quality: 3 / 5

Bus connections: 4 / 5

Train connections: 3 / 5

Hitchhiking: 3 / 5

National parks: 4 / 5

Outdoor activities: 5 / 5

Locals' English level: 4 / 5

Safety: 3 / 5

Accommodation: US$20- $50

Budget per day: US$50 - $300

Responsible Travel

It is a continent spread over an area of 852989 square kilometres but is still the smallest of all the continents. The total population of this continent, as per the statistics of 2018, is 41570842. It is the second smallest continent if compared based on population. If taken an average of area per person, it will be 4.19 square kilometres per person. This continent is present on the eastern and stretches towards the western hemisphere. Other than this, there are four subregions which are Australia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and Micronesia. There is a total of 15 countries on this continent. While exploring different places and the general idea of tourism is great, it is also harmful for the environment because of the way tourists travel today. It is of utmost importance to be a responsible traveller especially when we are at the verge of a climate disaster.

Say no to plastic: One of the most effective ways of responsible travelling is not using any plastic bags. Plastic bags take more than 500 years to biodegrade and that should give you an idea of how harmful they are for the environment. Always carry a reusable bag when you are travelling so you can use it for groceries, shopping etc.

Trying local food: A huge part of the local culture is the traditional food that is offered at the local traditional restaurants and by street food vendors. Instead of just sticking to international fast food franchises that contribute to so much waste being produced in the world, you should try the local options. Not only will it help the local economy but also will directly help the families whose sole source of earning are these small food businesses.

Road over air: If it is possible to get to your destination via road then do not take a flight. Not only will that help in a massive reduction of your carbon footprint but will also protect the environment from harmful carbon emissions caused by airplanes.

Choosing the right transport method: A major part of your travel experience includes discovering every nook and cranny of the city. While you will have transport options like private cars and taxis at your disposal you need to know that not only do they contribute to more congestion and traffic pollution but also emit harmful gases into the environment. So, choose options like walking, cycling, electronic and public transportation in general.

Eco friendly travel agent: There are plenty of eco friendly travel agents who are doing a wonderful job planning trips that are safer for the environment by booking green hotels, choosing the most eco friendly way of travelling and educating the travellers about the impact of their actions on the planet.

Shop local: In order to support local craftsmen and artisans always shop local. During your trip to the city, you will come across small shops and food stalls in almost every lane of the city. If you want to have an unforgettable experience in the city, then buy goods and handicrafts from these shops. This will not only help you to save a lot of money but you will be supporting a lot of local people who are dependent on their small businesses to earn a livelihood.

Air Quality and Pollution

It is important to know about the pollution levels and the air quality of a place before visiting because bad air quality and high pollution levels can have a detrimental effect on your health and can ruin your trip. Based on the UNEP Air Quality Policy Catalogue, three (19%) out of thirteen (81%) countries in this sub-region have ambient air quality standards, although [[Australia[[ is the only country having PM2.5 standards. Another country that is very vast and has fewer rates of pollution in New Zealand. Air pollution in New Zealand is only 15.75%, and other pollution such as water pollution contribute 36.19% of the total. The pollution in Papua New Guinea is high as compared to the rest of the nations. The air pollution is at a rate of 60%, and these are the percentage of the whole country which is calculated on an average basis so there will be cities which might have very high pollution. Other pollution involves noise and light pollution, 56.8%, and water pollution at 74.2%.

Respect the Culture

Different countries have different cultural traditions, festivals, values and even religions. Culture is not only limited to the ideas, faith, and beliefs followed by a group of people who form the society but also includes the food, the art, and the lifestyle of these people. This group can have either standard views, opinions, god, or they can also have a common past such as ancestors. However, in the whole continent, the religion followed by most people and in the majority of countries is Christianity. Out of 100, around 70% are Christian and follow Christianity. It has a significant impact on the culture of that country and also on cultural festivals. Other than this, religious festivals such as Easter, good Friday, Christmas, etc., are celebrated with great enthusiasm. Other minority religions are also present, such as Islam, Hindu, and Judaism. Different countries have their cultural festivals that are enjoyed and have some connections with their history or mythology. These festivals are enjoyed with the people of the whole country. The different group influences every culture; for example, the culture of Australia was affected by Anglo Celtic Western Culture, which involves Irish and British people. New Zealand has a culture influenced by the Maori indigenous people of Polynesia and later migrated to New Zealand.

Top 10 Places to Visit

Sydney Harbor Bridge Sydney, Australia: It is one of the largest steel arched bridges globally, connecting central Sydney to the North Shore. Harbor Bridge is one of the main attractions of Sydney. The length of the bridge is 1149 meters; it provides road, rail, and pedestrian traffic. Due to its unusual shape, the bridge received the playful nickname "hanger," often used in residents' speech. The bridge was opened on March 19, 1932. Anyone can climb the bridge but be prepared because it will take more than one hour. Of course, you can take advantage of a visit to the southern, eastern tower, in which a small exhibition is devoted to the construction and history of the bridge. The building is still allowed with a camera and a tripod to take beautiful Sydney and the bay's beautiful pictures. The height from which you will be filming is only slightly inferior to the bridge arch's top.

Pinnacles, Pinnacles Desert, Western Australia: Rocky desert Pinnacles one of the most popular destinations in Australia. Almost throughout the desert, there are strange limestone pillars as if of extraterrestrial origin. To the dismay of many, their roots have nothing to do with extraterrestrial civilizations. For a long time, the Pinnacles Desert was little explored, and only in 1960 was it included in the territory of the national park. The first hiking trails were organized in 2008, and visiting the cliffs in the Pinnacle Desert is now at its peak. The best season to visit the Pinnacles Desert is from August to October. It is not so hot during the day, and in some places, the desert turns into flowering meadows.

Waitomo Caves North Island of New Zealand: A place where you can "touch the stars with your hand" - this is how tourist brochures invite you to Waitomo Caves, which are located on the North Island of New Zealand. The booklets are rarely deceiving: inside the cave, the traveller gets the impression that the starry sky is at arm's length. It's not about the magic portal, but about a special kind of insect - mushroom mosquitoes. Both the insects themselves and their larvae have a bioluminescent effect; that is, they glow in the dark. Hordes of these insects populate the ceilings and walls of caves and stop emitting light only in one case - if they are frightened. Therefore, tourists who are brought here on excursions in boats are asked to be as quiet as possible. Otherwise, the "stars" will go out.

Honiara Solomon Islands: The state's capital is located in the northern part of Guadalcanal and serves as the starting point for all Solomon Islands excursions. The beginning of the tourist route is Point Cruz's town, where, according to legend, the Spaniard Mendanha de Neira stuck a cross in honour of his discovery. Of interest are the National Parliament and the National Museum's conical building, which contains historical and cultural artefacts. An original exhibition of traditional coins is presented in the Central Bank of the country. In the botanical gardens, you can get acquainted with rare species of plants and trees.

Mount Command Ridge Nauru: Command Ridge is the highest point in Nauru, and its height is 71 meters above sea level. From here, you can look around the entire state of Nauru at a glance, as well as inspect the Japanese defensive positions - the remains of two guns and bunkers.

Hobbiton New Zealand: Hobbiton is a village that was built specifically for the filming of The Lord of the Rings trilogy. The main attraction of New Zealand near the town of Matamata. Every year tens of thousands of fans of John Ronald Tolkien come here to see a piece of their favourite fairy tale with their own eyes. It all began in 1999, when director Peter Jackson, travelling through New Zealand, found the perfect place to depict a Hobbit village. The locals happily joined the set design project. They even sent the New Zealand army to help - soldiers were building the road to the town. All hobbits' houses and household items are made of either wood or plastic - no fake cardboard decorations!

Miles Atoll Marshall Islands: Having arrived in the Marshall Islands, you should not limit yourself to visiting one atoll. Miles atoll is interesting because, during the war, there was a Japanese military base on which American troops dropped bombs for many months. Evidence of this has survived to this day: almost the atoll's entire surface is covered with shell craters. Diving in this place attracts many tourists, as a whole "cemetery" of military equipment is hidden under the water. You should not miss the opportunity to dive and examine the remains of crashed combat aircraft. There is also a natural underwater garden in which flocks of stingrays swam.

Rabaul Papua New Guinea: Evergreen tropical vegetation, rocky mountain ranges, imposing volcanoes, and various marine resources make Rabaul, a tropical island of Papua New Guinea's northeastern coast, an ideal holiday destination. The area is also a very active volcanic region, located between 3 active volcanoes. The windy beaches of Rabaul have access to 30 year-round snorkelling spots with the most excellent variety of fish and coral in the world. Dive on various World War II ship and aircraft wrecks and some of Papua New Guinea's most famous and impressive reefs.

Great Astrolabe Reef, Kadavu, Fiji: Fiji's fourth largest island, Kadavu, and other small islands in the Kadavu group, the 100 kilometres long Great Astrolava Reef, is the fourth largest barrier reef globally. Divers come here to dive into an underwater wonderland of caves, tunnels, peaks, landings, kaleidoscopic hard and soft corals, and tropical fish. Snorkelers can also enjoy the rich marine life here and the opportunity to swim with manta rays. Anglers can fish in specific locations; The reef is known for its abundance of wild fish species, as well as tuna, mahi-mahi, and giant anxiety.

Blue hole Micronesia: The Blue Hole is an ideal spot for exploring marine life and a favourite destination for all divers, located on Kosrae Island. It is a natural vertical caste cave stretching many meters deep. To explore its depths, you need to be brave enough. Diving into this "black eye" of the sea will give you memories for the rest of your life.

Hobbiton

Explore

Oceania, one of the most peaceful and tranquil places globally, is the largest on Australia's continent (Oceania) that bears its name and the sixth-largest in the world. You can find some places to visit in Australia, a historical and geographically critical region that blends many cultures. Exploring places will help you find new and exciting things; it will also help you get the proper knowledge of the place. It will also help you to find better and interesting food to eat.

City Parks

National Botanical Garden, Australia: It is a beautiful nursery located on the south bank of the Yarra River. Established in 1846 on the 38-hectare site, the Royal Botanic Garden serves as an urban park. Landscaped gardens, which contain more than 10 thousand exotic and indigenous species, are among the most popular tourist attractions in Australia. The botanical garden is in perfect harmony with the Yarra River.

Marshall Islands Peace Park Memorial: The Marshall Islands Peace Park Memorial, a memorial park built by the Japanese government, commemorates the soldiers who fought and lost their lives in the Pacific during the Second World War. Such a lovely and fantastic park to see. You will be amazed after seeing the beauty of the park, its environment, and its scenes.

Port Moresby Nature Park, Papua New Guinea: Port Moresby Natural Park (the former botanical park of the national capital) is the most visited venue in PNG, with more than 140,000 visitors annually, and is dedicated to preserving the unique natural environment of PNG. The Natural Park is located on 30 acres of land that offers an overwhelming change in the ordinary dry capital of Port Moresby. The park is the only rainforest in the city with native species derived from PNG and home to more than 550 native animals, including one of the largest collections of birds of paradise, kangaroos, and boxwood in the world. There are thousands of tropical plant species in the field, including palm trees, ginger, vineyards, and native timber trees. There are many species of native and hybrid PNG orchids in the garden. The Nature Reserve is the only facility on the South Pacific island fully recognized by the Australian Zoo and Aquarium for animal welfare. It is also a member of the Australian Zoo Association and the International Zoo Association.

Lautoka Botanical Gardens, Fiji: Lautoka is not a magnet for tourism in itself, but the city has botanical gardens that provide the centre of tranquillity in this bustling little business centre. You can chat with the gardener or relax in the shade of the tree. The park will provide you with perfect space and an environment for relaxation. Try to visit this park if you visit Fiji.

Sylvan Park Auckland, New Zealand: Located on the Northern shores of Lake Pupuke, close to both Milford and Takapuna and home to Mad Loop Windsurfing School and the annual Christmas in the Park event. A very popular city park for sailing and rowing and for having BBQ. You can walk your dog in this park as well.

The stage at Sylvan park where various rock bands perform

National Parks

Kakadu National Park, Australia: Kakadu National Park is a large area of breathtaking natural beauty and cultural significance. Visitors to Kakadu visit to see alligators, photograph 275 kinds of birds, or see Australia's Aboriginal stone arts. It is home to 68 mammals, more than 75 reptiles, and more than 10,000 insects. In this part of Australia, Aboriginals have looked and lived here for thousands of years, and their spiritual connection to it is included in Kakadu's World Heritage list.

Fiordland National Park, [[New Zealand[[: Fiordland National Park, created by the melting of deep glaciers, is a place that will amaze the audience. Milford Sound, the most famous of the fjords located in the southwest of the South Island, is easily accessible in terms of transportation. Even The Milford Road, the road used to reach Milford Sound, has natural beauties worth seeing in itself. Doubtful and Dusky Sound fjords, located in Fiordland National Park, are among the other fjords that fascinate the audience. Milford Sound ranks first in the list of must-see places in the world.

Abel Tasman National Park, New Zealand: Abel Tasman National Park is New Zealand's smallest national park, and it is one of the must-see places in New Zealand. The area, which was declared a national park in 1942, is a world-famous place with its golden sandy beaches and granite cliffs with sculptural figures. The site, which has a mild climate, is suitable for all seasons of the year. The 22,530-hectare Abel Tasman National Park is located in the northeast of the New Zealand South Island.

Tongariro Natural Park, New Zealand: You can enjoy nature and the peaceful atmosphere by taking long walks in the Tongariro Natural Park, the country's first national park with active volcanoes, plant fields, tranquil lakes, wildlife-dominated forests, and desert-like plateaus. The park has so many varieties of flora and fauna that will attract you. You will see unique natural scenes here, for which many tourists visit this park. Try to visit the park once if you plan a tour to New Zealand.

Kakadu National Park

Beaches

Bondi Beach, [[Australia[[: The beach is one of the foremost and vibrant summer tourism centres within the region. It's a capacity of 10 thousand people, and it's packed almost a day within the summer. Bondi Beach, located within the eastern part of the capital Sydney, is additionally referred to as Bondi Bay. The name of the beach (Bondi) means 'Rocks' in an Aboriginal language. Also swimming, surfing activities are held in Balmoral, Chinamasa, Nielsen Park, and Parsley Bay around the city's waterfront. Bondi Beach, located within the west, is also the most straightforward known surfing centre.

Lalomanu Beach, Samoa: Lalomanu Beach, at the southeast end of Upolu, is one among Samoa's most pristine beaches. You'll come here and lie from the white sand and funky off within the clear and blue waters. It's one of the foremost famous beaches in the country. I might say come here for a minimum of 2 or 3 days and have a lovely holiday together with your loved ones.

Bethells Beach, New Zealand: Bethells Beach, another western coast ship, brings just the proper amount of untamed water to the coastline. Marvel at the region's incredible caves, dunes, large waves, and unique black sand. Due to its jagged, nipple oceans, this is often more of a swimming bath than a surfer's beach - but if you're confident enough within the water, be happy to dive in. The beautiful and fantastic beach you will get to see in the form of Bethells Beach.

Champagne Beach, Tuvalu, and Vanuatu: One of the South Pacific's best beaches, this pristine palm-fringed stretch of sand is about on the northeast coast of the island and boasts a secluded atmosphere, crystal clear waters, creamy white sand, and charming beachside cafes. There are many hotels and resorts located on the beachfront to form the foremost of the island's stunning natural environment, and regardless of where you're staying, enjoying the beach may be a big part of every Vanuatu holiday.

Four Mile Creek Beach, Australia: Four Mile Creek thins out into the two km wide open dike that faces northeast, including beaches. Four Mile Creek Beach maybe a 1.6 km beach that faces east-northeast, bounded by a sloping granite tip that spreads from cliffs to the north and sometimes clogs the mouth of the stream. Low, rocky point within the south. The beach receives, on average, quite 1 meter of waves and protects a 50-meter wide pole that's usually cut with a couple of cracks. A coffee façade 50 m wide, then a row of homes behind the bank's southern end is supported by a frontage road. The old road bridge at the south end of the town is for pedestrians only. Four Mile Creek Road skirts behind the beach, with parking along the side of the beach. There are four waves along the coast, a rock fault within the north called Cattle Grids, an explosion at the southern tip to the left of the northern end, and a beach holiday along the coast.

The pristine white sand and turquoise waters of the Lalomanu Beach are a sight to behold

Landmarks

Sydney Opera House, Sydney, Australia : Sydney's landmark building is one of the world's most perfect buildings. The Sydney Opera House, designed by the Danish architect John Utzon, has been in service since 1973. The enormous building with a capacity of 5532 covers an area of approximately 2 hectares. The opera house's highest point, created with a modern architectural style, is 67 meters, its width is 118 meters, and its length is 183 meters. It is on the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Coromandel, New Zealand: The Coromandel is a holiday destination for Kiwis (New Zealanders). It is ideal for spending a peaceful holiday with its natural beauties and golden beaches. Even if its calmness seems boring to us Mediterranean people, it is a place worth spending a few days even for the beauty and serenity of its nature. Warm watery beaches, Coromandel Forest Park walks, boat tours are among the activities to be done.

Vanua Levu, Fiji: Vanua Levu Island, formerly known as Sandalwood Island, is the second-largest island in the country. The island, which has beautiful points for diving enthusiasts, is one of the places frequented by tourists visiting the country. Having a population of approximately 136 thousand people, with Labasa, Savusavu, and Nabouwalu, the island attracts attention with its natural beauty and peaceful environment.

Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea: Approximately 300,000 people live in Port Moresby, the capital of Papua New Guinea. Home to touristic spots such as Port Moresby Nature Park, Moitika Wildlife Reserve, Port Moresby Golf Club, Ela Beach, Bomana War Cemetery, and Papua New Guinea National Art Museum. The city is one of the most populous settlements in the country if you want to explore the impressive riches and historical texture of this exciting country more closely.

Piula Cave Pool, Samoa: Piula Cave Pool, located on the natural coastal road 26 km east of the capital Apia, is a natural freshwater pool situated by the sea. The water flowing in the cave located here pours into the sea. Entrance here is paid, and there are also some rules. You can come here with your loved ones, swim in this water pool, then take a walk in the beautiful scenery and take great pictures. Since this cave was formed due to volcanic events, its waters are believed to be healing. This place can be considered as a kind of hot spring water. This cave pool, which is closed on Sundays, is visited by many local and foreign tourists on other days.

Majuro Local Markets, Marshall Islands: Local markets set in many parts of the city are lively places where you can see the country's daily life. You can visit these markets to buy small memories for yourself and your loved ones from the Marshall Islands, known for its handcrafted items such as necklaces, baskets, and knitted mats. Alele, a traditional bag with soft edges made of pandanus leaves. Do not forget to check out Marshall Islands flight deals to see these islands, which were heavily damaged after nuclear tests by the US Army and later rebuilt, are known for their beautiful beaches and entertainment life.

The Sydney Opera House is one of the most recognised landmarks in the world

Museums

Mc Carthy Museum, Papua New Guinea: Mc Carthy Museum, located in Goroka, Papua New Guinea, is a museum that reflects the traces of tribal life. This museum, which is very attractive for those curious about the tribes and their lifestyle. You can examine the items and pieces of clothing used by the tribal people in their daily lives. It will attract your attention.

Alele Museum and Library, Marshall Islands: The Alele Museum and Library, located in Majuro, the country's capital city, is one of the most popular tourist attractions. They were founded in 1981 and containing items such as the country's folk arts, traditional handicraft items, historical documents. This place is also the country's national archive. Here you will get to learn about the Marshall Islands a lot.

Museum of Sydney, Australia: The Sydney Museum, a modern museum built on and near the ruins of Australia's first Government House, celebrates the people and events that shaped the character and spirit of this city. In 1788, Governor Phillip chose this place for his official residence. It soon became the centre of the administrative and social life of the colony. It became an essential focal point in the first communication between the Gadigal people and the settlers. The next eight governors also lived here. When parties and balls, politics, and the family home together ended the colony's prominent citizens' public and private lives. Today, with a varied and diverse program of exhibitions and events, the Sydney Museum examines this city's history from its origins to the present. You can simultaneously see the original building's remains through the foyer and foyer museum's glass openings.

New Zealand Museum Te Papa Tongarewa, New Zealand: The Te Papa Tongarewa Museum in New Zealand is individual in New Zealand in Wellington. It was known as Te Papa or 'Nosso Lugar' and was opened in 1998 after the National Museum and the Art Museum were merged. It is visited by quite 1.5 million people annually. Te Papa Tongarewa means 'Treasure Chest.' It is a broader interpretation of 'our mother earth and precious things in our subject in New Zealand.' Te Papa's ideology underscores the vivid face behind the cultural treasures that maintain a deep connection with most of the father's indigenous Maori. The museum acknowledges the collaboration with the signing of the Waitangi Treaty on Tiriti o Waitangi in 1840.

Fiji Museum, Fiji: Located in the heart of the Thurston Gardens in Suva, the Fiji Museum houses a remarkable museum of 3,700-year-old archaeological. And cultural objects on behalf of Fiji and other indigenous peoples archipelago for the past 200 years. The idea of a museum to display and preserve traditional Fijian culture was first discussed in 1904. In the same year, Sir William Allardyce introduced his museum to Suva's city and exhibited it at City Hall. In 1908, established a Fiji community to study and preserve its history and culture.

Robert Louis Stevenson Museum, Samoa: Robert Louis Stevenson is best known for numerous publications such as Treasure Island, Kidnapped, and The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. The Samoans were originally from Scotland and knew he was a man of great "significance."Due to his very positive relationships with the local community, he became very popular and became a respected image of the residents who knew him. He died on December 3, 1894, aged 44 years. His colleagues and those who worked with him buried him at the top of Mount Vaea (inside Vailima) overlooking the sea. The museum is well maintained, and all facilities are in good condition.

Inside the Fiji Museum

Eat

Oceania is made up of several countries which include Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea etc. While each country has its own specific cuisine, seafood is extremely popular overall. There is a lot of fresh produce as well and dishes cooked with coconut oil and coconut milk. In countries like Australia and New Zealand you will find an amalgamation of different cuisines representing its multicultural societies where as in places like Papua New Guinea you’ll find authentic techniques of cooking food which includes laying food on hot rocks and burying it in earth. There is something for everyone so if you are a vegetarian or vegan you will not have to worry about finding something specific that will cater to your food preferences. The key to exploring the cuisine and trying different kind of food in this continent is having an open palette.

A bowl of Poi, a starchy paste eaten in Eastern Polynesia

Drink

A wide variety of drinks is available in this continent. You can take a break from carbonated soft drinks and enjoy the fresh beverages, this continent has to offer. From fresh coconut water to Red wine, there is something for everyone. You can enjoy freshly brewed beer as well like the famous ginger beer from Australia . However, if you are visiting Oceania, you must take advantage of the trip and consume fresh fruit juices as much as you can. These are the most healthy and also environmentally friendly options.

Tap-water

Tap water in different countries differs because of water availability, the condition of water available, technology and types of machinery used in plants' treatment, and water pollution. These things directly affect the quality of water. There are other aspects but that affect tap water indirectly and significantly less. Among the countries of this continent, some countries have excellent water quality, and those countries are Australia and New Zealand. The tap water is fit for drinking, and you do not have to perform any other additional filtration method. Purified tap water eliminates bottled water, which creates a heavy burden on that city's recycling centres, and purchasing bottled water is calculated for a long time. It can be costly and will increase your carbon footprint. Other than this, countries like Papua New Guinea have a lot of pollution so tap water is not safe to drink. The prime reason is that they dump their waste in water bodies that impure it. The technology of water treatment plants is not enough to clean the tap water; therefore, you have to purchase bottled water throughout the journey. If you live in an apartment, you have to deal with the local water suppliers to supply drinking water. Drinking contaminated water can cause some severe problems such as diarrhoea and other digestive issues; therefore, you must always confirm that the water is fit for drinking or not.

Activities

As every country differs in size order, the area it covers, and every country has its geographical features that allow different activities. These activities involve water surfing, kayaking, windsurfing, and paragliding. Other than this, there are other activities which are also present, such as exploring. Exploring can be a good activity if you want to get detailed knowledge about the country. There are many places where you can move around, such as historical monuments, which can help you understand that country's history. At beaches where you can roam and refresh yourself, cultural monuments can help you gain knowledge about the culture and its richness. Some museums can help you understand a lot of things about the country. Other than this, there are other activities such as trekking on mountains that involve long walk on hilly slopes of mountains, rock climbing which consists of climbing huge rocks while attached with a harness for safety. Along with this, there are also activities such as visiting national parks to explore different plants and animals.

Accommodation

Different countries have different sizes and have different rates of tourism for which different accommodation options are made. Other than this, some hotels are the most common accommodation option available in this city. Hotels are rooms that can differ in size and facilities and charges per night. So it can be costly if you stay in a hotel for more than two weeks. So if you want to visit for a longer time, there are apartments in many countries as they charge for a fixed time such as 15 days, 30 days and others.

Cliffside Hotel in Palau

Green Hotels

Green hotels are best and promote eco-tourism while serving the customers. It helps protect nature in different ways and reduces the harmful effect of their side towards nature. The hotel generates electricity, which these hotels use solar pannels' help because the electricity generated by the city's electricity causes consumes fossil fuels. Other than this, special devices are placed in every room in advanced countries, which automatically cuts off electricity when it is not in use. Some faucets are installed in every tap, which helps in conservation. Water and they use rainwater harvesting method and extract groundwater as a primary source of water.

Hostels and Guest Houses

Hostels are a room which is available for your rent. It is a shared room which means that you have to share this room with another person. Hotel rooms have some limitations, such as you won't get any privacy here cause two people will share the room at a time. Other than this second limitation is that not only rooms but many of the hotels have Common bathroom. Therefore, you sometimes have to compromise, but it just with other people, and even there might be hygiene concerns because shared toilets are often unhygienic.

Apartments

Apartments or flats available for rent and are best if you stay in the country for a longer time. Some of the benefits of living in an apartment are that you can save a lot of money while accommodating in an apartment only. Apartments are best in providing privacy because you will own the Flat. Also, there is adequate security provided by the apartment authorities, which includes CCTV cameras and a staff of guards. You can even make your food as every apartment comes with a kitchen, modular or semi-modular stop apartments are mostly used as a type of accommodation in foreign countries such as Australia, New Zealand.

Couchsurfing

Couchsurfing involves staying with a local without paying him. Couchsurfing consists of a host and a couchsurfer. A host lives in a country that accepts couchsurfer and couchsurfer who remains with the host. Other than this, you can save a lot of money with the help of Couchsurfing. You can make friends with the help of Couchsurfing, and the locals can tell you a lot of things about the city. Other than this, while Couchsurfing, you must always check the crime rate of that city like crime rates of Australia and New Zealand are very low, so you can easily couchsurf there.

Camping

It involves sleeping in a tent or a van and observing the night sky. You can even camp on beaches if allowed because that can help you get better sleep. There are camping tours organized by a different country where you will also get a guide and other people. You can use these tours to make friends. Other than this, camping is a free type of accommodation, but the essential items might cost you high.

Regions

Australia, New Zealand and Papua New Guinea are by far the largest countries in this continent with the first two the most visited. Oceania also includes the vast island nation groupings of Polynesia to the far east, Melanesia in the west and Micronesia to the north.

Australia
By far the largest and most populous country in Oceania.

New Zealand
A major destination, with well-developed facilities for travellers. Technically part of Polynesia as the indigenous Maori are Polynesian and providing the major air hub to the rest of Polynesia

Papua New Guinea
Tropical rainforest, great scenery and culture. An adventurous, rarely visited, travel destination.

Polynesia
No other name quite conjures up images of paradise like this one. Stunning paradisical islands sprawling for thousands of miles across the remote South Pacific.

Melanesia
Closely related to the ethno-cultural makeup of the oft-included Papua New Guinea, Melanesia is home to the always popular destination of Fiji.

Micronesia
The tiny Micronesian islands fall on or north of the Equator, and see less tourist and business travel than the rest of the island groupings. If looking for a really pretty destination, aim for Palau.

Cities

Apia — a little shabby and run down, but useful as an initial stop off point for first time visitors
Auckland — bustling multicultural metropolis that scores well in quality-of-life polls
Christchurch — known as the Garden City, it is filled with trees and old-English buildings
Melbourne — multicultural and sports-mad, this city includes many cultural institutions
Nouméa — features beautiful beaches and colonial mansions and is not (yet) a heavily-touristed destination
Papeete — not a tropical paradise, but has shopping, eating, drinking and is nice for people-watching
Port Moresby — spread out capital of Papua New Guinea, but can be very dangerous
Suva — the major commercial and political centre of Fiji, Nadi is the tourist capital
Sydney — the largest and most cosmopolitan city of Australia, home to the Harbour Bridge and Opera House

Getting There and Moving Around

If we see Oceania as the whole, it covers a vast area, and it has four other sub-regions in which there are a total of 14 countries. Airports are the best and the most common way to reach almost every country because every country has airports according to their size and population. Some of the countries even have one airport. Other than this, there is a Ferry or cruise right through which you can reach different countries, especially Australia and New Zealand. Every travel option has its prices, and various types of travel options take additional time. Other than this as an option of moving around, there are different types of buses suggest day buses, night versus, intercity buses or international buses through which one can travel internationally or from one city to another within the country. Other buses are also present, such as double Decker buses with two floors in it will stop other than this there are local buses also present in several countries. Different ways of moving around may include walking and bicycling in countries that have a short area. More to this there are private taxis which are available in many of the countries of this continent. In some highly advanced countries like Australia, New Zealand, and other countries, electric vehicles are introduced to move around in the country stop you can even hire. There are also present in the form of electric taxis. Flights are the most convenient way to travel, helping you save a lot of time. These flights might cost you slightly higher, but they are worth it.

Air

A total of 14 countries in this continent have their airports in different numbers. The airport's presence depends on the country's size as an airport requires a good part of the land, especially to build a fair and well-established runway where planes can land or take off from. Some other factors that also affect the number of airports as the tourism rate are the country's higher quality of tourism. Hence, it is evident that The government will require more airports to reduce the burden on each airport, and each airport can handle passengers without any problem. Talking about ]]Australia]], the largest country on this continent, there are around 613 airports present. Out of which, there are 13 international airports and 135 passenger airports. The rest is either private airport, military airfields, helipads, our cargo airports full trump out of these 13 international airports. Some major international airports are Brisbane airport, Melbourne airport, Perth airport, and Sydney airport. There are around four airports in Micronesia. There are approximately 15 airports in Fiji. There are 23 airports in Kiribati. Marshall Islands have about 35 airports. There is only one airport in Nauru because the area off Nauru is 21 square kilometres, so one airport is enough to reach this country. Another big country off this continent is New Zealand. There are 62 airports, and out of which, there are five international airports that can help you reach this country. Out of these airports, the main and the largest airport is present in Auckland. There is only one airport in Palau. There is a total of 321 airports in Papua New Guinea. There are around 29 airports in Indonesia, out of which there are five airports that accept international flights. There are 39 airports in Solomon Island, three airports in Tonga, one airport in Uvula, and 32 airports in Vanuatu. Other than international airports, there are domestic airports that are also present in this country. Similarly, many of the countries have buses, but only limited countries offer passes with other facilities. More to this, there are different types of flights which charge differently and offer facilities. You cannot use your mobile phones on flights. So according to the information, it is clear that every co try has at least one airport through which you can reach their directly or indirectly.

Sydney International Airport, Terminal 1

Bus

Buses are one of the most convenient ways to Travel either intercity or within the city. There are different types of buses, such as minibuses smaller in size and fewer seats. Another is intercity buses with a right leg space to even sleep at night if travelling at night. Other than this, there are different schemes for different buses in a foreign country. For example, Australia has 54487 small buses, 8788 medium-size buses, and 24,607 large buses. It proves that buses are the most common and the most widely used travel option in a particular city or Travel from one city to another. Other than this, the buses are equipped with air conditioners, soft reading lights, and seats that you can adjust according to your comfortability and free Wi-Fi access throughout your journey. There are a lot of different types of passes for passengers who use buses regularly. Additional passes offer other facilities. However, tokens are better than buying tickets if you are travelling by buses regularly. Sometimes, it might happen that we used to forget money for the access in a hurry, so if you purchase a pass, there will be no need to take money for the bus ticket every day. There are two types of train buses available in this city: whim it passes, Hop on/ hop off passes, or commuter passes. You can purchase this pass for the time you want. Different days have different amounts, and the most expensive access is whim it passes, which comes with many facilities that make it worthy of the amount you have given for it. With the help of this pass, you can travel anywhere, in any direction, and you can travel in the largest coach network of Australia. This pass can be purchase for a maximum of 120 days. For 15 days, this pass charges $229, and for 30 days, this pass charges $399. This pass offers multiple rides, which means that you will get unlimited rides for the number of days you have purchased this pass. With this pass's help, you can even book the bus seat you want to travel online. The next pass is hopped in or hop-off pass, which you can purchase for around $149. One of the limitations of this pass is that you cannot travel from this past to any route; therefore, you have to select a single destination and travel only in that particular direction.

Bus in Hawaii

Train

Australia's total length of the rail network is 36,064 kilometres, which follows three gorgeous tracks, including standard Gorge, which is 14814 kilometres, a broad Gorge of 15,625 kilometres, and a narrow garage has a length of 4225 kilometres. Besides these trains for passengers, an industrial train runs around 1400 kilometres, which creates a lot of support to this country's sugar cane industry. The government owns many railways and their infrastructures, but some are offered the infrastructure and railway network owned by private railways. Private railways on owned by industrial people, which helps in transferring sugar King, timber, and I ran over from one place to another, creating a lot of support with these industries. The railway lines which are present in New Zealand are broadly divided into four main lines and six secondary lines. The government of this country first constructed the railway network in 1863. Afterwards, this network has passed many development companies or the Corporation, which serves most passenger trains, is kiwi-rail. The electrification of these trains, which covers long distances, was started in 1986. Other than this, some metros are mostly present in Auckland and Wellington. More to this, there are other railways which are also present in this country. You can use these Trans to move around in the country or travel from one city to another. Trains president Indonesia is covering a total length of 6000 kilometres and 471 kilometres which are electrified. Other than this, several industries trams this old that help transport sugar cane and oil palm.

A train in Fiji

Hitchhiking

Hitchhiking is a free type of travel option in which you requests a traveller who has their vehicle and is going in the same direction. This method has its advantages and disadvantages. Some of the merits of hitchhiking include that you do not have to pay anything to the person you are asking for a free lift from; therefore, this type of travel option can help you save a lot of money you would have to spend on other travel options. Another advantage of hitchhiking involves getting an experience of how the people of that country treat the tourists who ask them for help. No of the disadvantages of hitchhiking is that you're taking can cause delay; therefore, you must ultimately not depend on this type of travel option. It would help if you always cared for your belongings while hitchhiking because, in some countries where the crime rate is high, there are chances and cases of tourists getting robbed. Remember some essential points while hitchhiking that you must always check the crime rate of that particular city before hitching and avoid hitchhiking at places where the crime rates are high. Hitchhiking involves attracting a car and asking for a free ride. If you want to travel from one city to another with hitchhiking, you must always present highways or roads to find many vehicles. You must keep in mind while hitchhiking is that you must always have a backup option ready cause sometimes it might happen that you might not get any vehicle for hitching due to some festival or public holiday.

Others

There are different options to move around in these countries: walking, bicycling, trams, and electric vehicles. Walking is best for smaller countries because you can even walk to move around in the country and by this method, you can save a lot of money. Besides this, walking can also help you explore various things in detail, such as restaurants, cafes that serve your favourite cuisines or dish, multiple city parks, and many other things. With the help of walking, you can remain fit as it will be a good exercise. You can even walk on the beaches as walking in the sand is better than walking on the concrete road. Other than that there are parks where you can go. Morning or evening walk. Next is cycling, a lot of countries either sell second-hand cycles other than brand new or are available on rent. In some countries such as Australia and New Zealand, there are cycles available by the government. You only have to pay for the fixed time or which you borrow that cycle. You have to download an online application through which you can produce and access the process. They even provide a discount or offer if you take a cycling pass for a fixed day. Other options are trains or electric taxis, which can help you cover a long distance. Electric taxis are better than regular taxis in a lot of ways.

Water Taxi in Auckland

Sustainable Shopping

Sustainable shopping involves those products which have a less harmful impact on nature. Besides this, sustainable shopping involves less use of machines and more human resources, so it generates a lot of employment for unskilled or less educated people. Other than this, sustainable products involve less use of non-renewable natural resources such as fossil fuel in their production. Other than this, there are different types of sustainable shopping, such as a sustainable food market, flea market, second-hand, and eco-fashion stores. A sustainable Food Market is a market where organic grocery is sold. Sustainable food markets are different from the stock market because it has organic fruits and vegetables. Organic fruits and vegetables are those which are grown naturally without the use of pesticides and fertilizers. Pesticides are harmful to human consumption and speed up fruits and vegetables' growth, disturbing their natural lifestyle.

Recycling

Recycling is very much beneficial for nature as it helps in the protection of wildlife. There are many benefits of recycling, such as it helps prevent cutting down of trees. In some countries where people do not feel the need for recycling, the government has set recycling centres where the local or anybody can sell their used paper, glass, tin, plastic at a fixed price per kg. Recycling helps in eliminating waste and stops a lot of pollution before it is sent to a landfill. It also saves the environment because other than wood or paper, there are tin and other recycled metals obtained through mining which damages the land.

Waste

Waste is something that needs to be dumped. Therefore, it is dumped in a landfill. Other than this, trash consumes a lot of land in the form of a landfill. Some of the waste gets eliminated through recycling, or organic wastes are used to make fertilizers. This liquid waste involves wastewater, drainage water, and additional water, such as the chemical industry, directly injected into water. Other than this, sometimes it also happens that even the solid waste gets dumped in large water bodies, which might create a burden on water bodies and can cause a lot of damage to the aquatic animals. Gaseous waste involves smoke, dust, or other pollutants. The main reason for gaseous waste includes factories that release smoke from its chimneys, industries, and construction sites, removing dust and traffic. It can cause air pollution, which can further lead to various respiratory diseases such as asthma, difficulty breathing, etc. Countries with a lot of waste must make their laws and install dustbins in almost every locality.

Work and Study Abroad

The education of Australia quite confusing. It has different stages of education. The first stage involves Pre higher education which involves years, and this is compulsory. The child enters at the age of 6 and leaves at the age of 15. Next is the Junior Secondary, which involves a full four years. The student enters at the age of 12 after completing pre higher and leaves when he reaches 16. After passing the marks, he gets a Certificate of education. Next is the senior secondary, which takes only two years. After the student completes the junior secondary, he reaches senior secondary and leaves when he becomes 18. The academic month in this country is March to November. After this, they get a lengthy vacation from December to February. Other than this, there are working opportunities present in larger countries with less population, such as Australia, New Zealand, and others.

Exchange Student

Exchange student program has certain benefits and rules, and regulations set by the home college and the college or university in foreign. Australia is a well-known hub for many scholars; therefore, many students reach an exchange student program. Some minimum requirements must be kept in mind while attempting to be a part of a student exchange program. The first one is that you must complete at least two semesters from college in your home country. Next is that you should meet the required marks which the Australian institution will set. Next, you have to be good at English because they focus on your speaking skills and language. However, you might require submitting other documents such as your character certificate issued by the home college. The home college will pay the college fees to the home college, or you can even ask for a scholarship if your college has any. Other than this, the student exchange program has many benefits, which involves that you can travel to another country to experience education and their education pattern. Other than this, this program can help you to experience an entirely different culture as you will be going to a new country where the culture will be different. Other than this, it may also affect your lifestyle a lot. More to this, there are many other personal benefits such as it will help you become independent. More this, other services also state that it can help you build your self-confidence.

Au Pair

An Au Pair is a person who stays with the locals and takes care of their child while they are not at home. There are many Au Pair jobs available in Australia and New Zealand because both parents work there. With this type of accommodation, you can stay in a particular city for a long time without paying for housing. It is responsible for work, and you must always handle the child carefully. More to this, you can even experience the culture of homely feeling while living between them. Au pair is not considered a job because you do not get a salary in this work type.

Volunteering

Volunteering is something we do out of your hobby or interest, and it generally comprises social work. It can help you to provide inner satisfaction to your mind and body. Other than this, volunteering can help you to remain distracted. Other than this, you can observe the difficulties and hardship different people faces in their life. More this, various organizations are established to help different types of needy people or animals.